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What is Compostable PPE?
Compostable PPE is personal protective equipment made from plant-based materials like PLA (polylactic acid) that fully breaks down into organic matter within 90 days in industrial composting conditions, leaving no harmful microplastics behind.
Last reviewed: March 2026
Key Takeaway
Compostable PPE is personal protective equipment made from plant-based materials like PLA (polylactic acid) that fully breaks down into organic matter within 90 days in industrial composting conditions, leaving no harmful microplastics behind.
DMO
Dr. Mary O'Riordan·Medical doctor specialising in infectious disease control
Definition and Materials
Compostable PPE refers to protective garments—including aprons, hairnets, and shoe covers—manufactured from biodegradable materials derived from plants. The most common material is PLA (polylactic acid), made from fermented plant starch such as corn, sugarcane, or cassava. Unlike traditional petroleum-based plastics that persist in the environment for centuries, compostable PPE breaks down through natural microbial processes.
How Compostable PPE Breaks Down
In industrial composting facilities, compostable PPE is exposed to high temperatures (55-60°C), moisture, and oxygen. Microorganisms break down the plant-based polymers into carbon dioxide, water, and biomass within 90 days. Some products, when combined with biodigester systems like the Harp CX series, can be processed on-site at healthcare facilities in just 24 hours.
Certifications to Look For
Genuine compostable PPE carries internationally recognised certifications: EN13432 (European standard), AS4736 (Australian standard), or ASTM D6400 (American standard). These certifications verify that the product will break down within specific timeframes without leaving toxic residues. Look for 'OK Compost Industrial' or 'Seedling' logos on packaging.
Compostable vs Biodegradable: The Key Difference
All compostable materials are biodegradable, but not all biodegradable materials are compostable. 'Biodegradable' simply means a material will eventually break down—this could take years and may leave microplastics. 'Compostable' guarantees breakdown within a specific timeframe (typically 90 days) under controlled conditions, with no harmful residues. Always choose certified compostable products.
Frequently Asked Questions
Yes. Modern compostable PPE meets the same fluid barrier and durability standards as traditional plastic equivalents. EN13432 certified compostable aprons provide identical protection to plastic aprons.
Most compostable PPE requires industrial composting conditions (higher temperatures). However, biodigester systems like the Harp CX series can process compostable PPE on-site at lower volumes.
Unit costs are typically 10-20% higher, but total cost of ownership is often lower when factoring in reduced disposal fees and ESG compliance benefits.
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